Installation and setting up Postgres 13 on RHEL

Saturday 19 June 2021

Installation and setting up Postgres 13 on RHEL

Setting up the PostgreSQL RDBMS in Red-Hat Linux is pretty easy. Following article describes the installation and initial setup for a PostgreSQL database.

Official documentation : https://www.postgresql.org/download/linux/redhat/

To add the EPEL8 repository to RHEL 8 / CentOS 8

root@localhost ~]# yum install virtualbox-guest-utils

Error: There are no enabled repositories in "/etc/yum.repos.d", "/etc/yum/repos.d", "/etc/distro.repos.d".

[root@localhost ~]# yum install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm

epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm                                        14 kB/s |  22 kB     00:01
Dependencies resolved.
=======================================================================================================
 Package                   Architecture        Version                 Repository                 Size
=======================================================================================================
Installing:
 epel-release              noarch              8-10.el8                @commandline               22 k
Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================================
Install  1 Package
Total size: 22 k
Installed size: 32 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                               1/1
  Installing       : epel-release-8-10.el8.noarch                                                  1/1
  Running scriptlet: epel-release-8-10.el8.noarch                                                  1/1
  Verifying        : epel-release-8-10.el8.noarch                                                  1/1
Installed products updated.
Installed:
  epel-release-8-10.el8.noarch

Complete!

[root@localhost ~]#  rpm -ql epel-release

/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-8
/etc/yum.repos.d/epel-modular.repo
/etc/yum.repos.d/epel-playground.repo
/etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing-modular.repo
/etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo
/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
/usr/lib/systemd/system-preset/90-epel.preset
/usr/share/doc/epel-release
/usr/share/doc/epel-release/GPL
/usr/share/doc/epel-release/README-epel-8-packaging.md

Download the package

[root@localhost ~]# dnf install https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-8-x86_64/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm

[root@localhost ~]# dnf update

Search for the package in the repo and install. The output looks like this

[root@localhost ~]# yum search postgresql13

Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:07 ago on Sat 19 Jun 2021 01:51:50 PM EDT.
======================================================== Name Exactly Matched: postgresql13 =========================================================
postgresql13.x86_64 : PostgreSQL client programs and libraries
============================================================ Name Matched: postgresql13 =============================================================
postgresql13-contrib.x86_64 : Contributed source and binaries distributed with PostgreSQL
postgresql13-devel.x86_64 : PostgreSQL development header files and libraries
postgresql13-docs.x86_64 : Extra documentation for PostgreSQL
postgresql13-libs.x86_64 : The shared libraries required for any PostgreSQL clients
postgresql13-llvmjit.x86_64 : Just-in-time compilation support for PostgreSQL
postgresql13-odbc.x86_64 : PostgreSQL ODBC driver
postgresql13-plperl.x86_64 : The Perl procedural language for PostgreSQL
postgresql13-plpython3.x86_64 : The Python3 procedural language for PostgreSQL
postgresql13-pltcl.x86_64 : The Tcl procedural language for PostgreSQL
[postgresql13-server.x86_64 : The programs needed to create and run a PostgreSQL server
postgresql13-test.x86_64 : The test suite distributed with PostgreSQL
[root@localhost ~]#

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install postgresql13 postgresql13-server

The above step completes PostgreSQL 13 Server installation. It installs below packages

postgresql13: Key clients and libraries, and documentation

postgresql13-server: Server executable and data files

Once the software is installed, as a root initialize the cluster with below command.

To initialize and start the database

[root@localhost ~]# sudo /usr/pgsql-13/bin/postgresql-13-setup initdb
Initializing database ... OK


[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start postgresql-13

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status postgresql-13

● postgresql-13.service - PostgreSQL 13 database server

   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-13.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2021-06-19 13:56:27 EDT; 11s ago
     Docs: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/static/
  Process: 5259 ExecStartPre=/usr/pgsql-13/bin/postgresql-13-check-db-dir ${PGDATA} (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 5264 (postmaster)
    Tasks: 8 (limit: 11251)
   Memory: 16.9M
   CGroup: /system.slice/postgresql-13.service
           ├─5264 /usr/pgsql-13/bin/postmaster -D /var/lib/pgsql/13/data/
           ├─5266 postgres: logger
           ├─5268 postgres: checkpointer
           ├─5269 postgres: background writer
           ├─5270 postgres: walwriter
           ├─5271 postgres: autovacuum launcher
           ├─5272 postgres: stats collector
           └─5273 postgres: logical replication launcher
 
Jun 19 13:56:27 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting PostgreSQL 13 database server...
Jun 19 13:56:27 localhost.localdomain postmaster[5264]: 2021-06-19 13:56:27.539 EDT [5264] LOG:  redirecting log output to logging collector process
Jun 19 13:56:27 localhost.localdomain postmaster[5264]: 2021-06-19 13:56:27.539 EDT [5264] HINT:  Future log output will appear in directory "log".
Jun 19 13:56:27 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started PostgreSQL 13 database server.

[root@localhost ~]#

To enable the service to start when the system is rebooted

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable postgresql-13

Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/postgresql-13.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-13.service.

Setting Environment Variables (Login as a postgres user)

[postgres@localhost ~]$  psql -c "alter user postgres with password 'postgres'"

ALTER ROLE

Setting up Bash Profile

If you installed into /usr/local/pgsql or some other location that is not searched for programs by default, you should add /usr/local/pgsql/bin (or whatever you set --bindir ) into your PATH. Strictly speaking, this is not necessary, but it will make the use of PostgreSQL much more convenient.

To do this, add the following to your shell start-up file, such as ~/.bash_profile (or /etc/profile, if you want it to affect all users):

Set /usr/pgsql-13/bin in system PATH

[postgres@localhost~]$ls -la
[postgres@localhost~]$ vi .bash_profile

[postgres@localhost~]$ . .bash_profile

[postgres@localhost~]$ cat .bash_profile


# .bash_profile
            # Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi
           # User specific environment and startup programs

           PATH=/usr/pgsql-13/bin:$PATH
           export PATH

           #PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin
           #export PATH